1. Characteristics of constructive waves include

• Strong swash
• Gentle waves
• Long wavelength
• Long wave period

2. Processes operating at the coast include:

• Attrition, sub-aerial, hydraulic pressure, corrasion
• Abrasion, human activity, sub-aerial, long shore drift
• Attrition, solution, wave steepness, wave pounding
• Wave pounding, attrition, human activity, long shore drift

3. Wave trough is

• The lowest point of a wave
• Number of waves per minute
• Distance between wave crests
• Time between wave crests

4. The correct sequence leading to the formation of a stump is

• Arch, blowhole, geo, stack
• Geo, cave, arch, stack
• Blowhole, cave, geo, stack
• Cave, arch, geo, stack

5. Which statement is most accurate regarding long shore drift?

• It only occurs in one direction
• It coincides with maximum fetch and prevailing wind direction
• Movement of material is constant
• Groynes reduce long shore drift

6. Many spits have curved ends because

• Wave refraction operates at the end of the spit
• Rivers limit deposition
• Salt marshes develop in areas of shelter
• Human activity is in operation

7. A tombolo is

• A sandy island running parallel to the mainland
• A stretch of sand linking 2 headlands
• A beach extending outwards to join an offshore island
• Long stretches of sand projecting out to sea

8. Not a feature of coastal submergence

• Ria
• Fjord
• Raised beach
• Fjard

9. Isostatic change is

• A local change in sea level
• Worldwide change in sea level
• Still occurring today
• A negative change in base level

10. The correct definition for a Ria is

• Drowned glacial trough
• Drowned lowland area
• Drowned river valley
• Drowned glacial valley

11. Landforms resulting from emergence are

• Rias
• Raised beaches
• Wave cut notches
• Dalmatian coasts